3월 7일부터 7월 6일까지 뉴욕 맨하탄에 있는 Cooper-Hewitt에서 열리는 Rococo; the Continuing Curve, 1730-2008은 지난 300년에 걸쳐 변화해온 로코코 스타일을 시대별로 나누어 살펴보는 특색있는 전시이다.
로코코스타일은 시대별로 때로는 똑같이 또 한편으로는 비슷하게 변화를 주면서 발전해왔다. 이 스타일의 특징은 섬세하며 우아하고 여성적이다. 호화로운 장식과 스케일은 작지만 정밀한 조각품들이 눈에 띄며 귀족적이며 화려하고 감각적이다. 이 전시에서는 이러한 자유로운 로코코스타일의 전시물을 시대별로, 지역별로 그리고 재료별로 나누어 볼 수 있다.
로코코 스타일은 프랑스 디자인을 루이 15세의 재임기간동안인 1730년부터 1765년까지 주도했다. 디자이너들은 실버제품, 목재, 텍스타일과 도자제품등에 있어 특이하고 이국적인 디자인을 생산해내기위해 서로 경쟁하였다. 로코코디자인은 여기저기 돌아다니는 디자이너들을 통해 영국, 네덜란드, 독일, 이태리와 아메리카등지로 퍼져나가게 된다,
18세기말과 19세기초 네오클래시즘이 유행하자 로코코는 잠시 주춤했었지만 영국에서 다시 Regent왕자와 후에 조지4세 그리고 프랑스에서 제2의 엠파이어에 의해 로코코는 1880년에서 1915년까지 국제적인 전성기를 맞게된다.
디자이너들은 로코코의 자연스러움에서 영감을 받아 새로운 컨셉인 아르누보로 발전시킨다. 20세기에는 모더니즘의 기하학이 디자인을 주도하였지만 디자이너들은 1930년대, 1950년대 그리고 1960년대에 꾸준히 식물과 자연의 자연스러운 라인에서 영감을 얻었다.
1700s
Stanislas Leszcynski Visiting the Workshop of Jean Lamour
Designed by Jean Lamour (French, 1698–1771)
Etched by Dominique Collin (French, 1725–1781)
Engraving on heavy cream laid paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Purchased for the Museum by the Advisory Council, 1921-6-210-1
Photo: Matt Flynn
Covered tureen and platter
Designed by Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (French, 1695–1750)
Made by Henri-Guillaume Adnet (French, 1638–1745) and François Bonnestrenne (French, 1682–after 1740)
France, 1734–40
Silver
Courtesy of Cleveland Museum of Art, Leonard C. Hanna, Jr. Fund
Photo: © Cleveland Museum of Art
“Chariot of Apollo,” Ceiling Design for Count Bielinski’s Cabinet, Warsaw, Poland
Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (French, 1695–1750)
Paris, France, 1734
Pen and gray ink, brush and watercolor, gouache, gold paint over black chalk
on white laid paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Purchased for the Museum by the Advisory Council, 1911-28-214
Photo: Matt Flynn
Snuffbox
Jean Frémin (French, active ca. 1738 – before 1783) Paris, France, 1738 Gold, diamonds
Courtesy of Private Collection
Photo: Matt Flynn
Mounted porcelain ewer
China, 1736–95 (ewer); Paris, France, 1745–49 (mounts)
Hard-paste porcelain, underglaze, gilt bronze
The J. Paul GettyMuseum, 78.DI.9.1
Photo © The J. Paul Getty Museum
Candelabrum
Made by Claude Ballin II (French, 1661–1754)
Paris, France, 1739–40
Silver
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Anonymous Donor, 1949-131-2 a/f
Photo: Matt Flynn
Set of tea caddies and sugar box in case
Lewis Pantin I (English, active ca. 1734–44)
London, England, 1739–40
Silver, mahogany
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Gift of Alan and Simone Hartman and Harriet
J. Bradbury Fund, 2001, 2001.97.1-4
Photo © The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Waistcoat front
Lyon, France, 1740-60
Silk and metal-wrapped silk-core threads
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Bequest of Richard Cranch Greenleaf in memory of his mother Adeline Emma Greenleaf, 1964-54-4-a
Photo: Steve Tague
Teakettle and stand
Joseph Richardson, Sr. (1711–1784)
Philadelphia, PA, 1745–55
Silver
Yale University Art Gallery, Mabel Brady Garvan Collection, 1932.93
Photo: Yale University Art Gallery, Mabel Brady Garvan Collection
Design for a Wall Panel with Fireplace
Johann August Nahl the Elder (German, 1710–1785)
Berlin, Germany, 1745
Pen and black ink, brush and gray and light violet wash, graphite on white laid paper, ruled border in pen and black ink
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Purchased for the Museum by the Advisory Council, 1911-28-36
Photo: Matt Flynn
Title Page, Works of Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier
Designed by Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (French, 1695–1750)
Etched by Pierre-Alexandre Aveline (French, 1702–1760)
Paris, France, 1748
Etching on off-white laid paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Purchased for the Museum by the Advisory Council, 1921-6-212-1
Photo: Matt Flynn
Mirror
After a design by Thomas Johnson (English,
1714–ca. 1778)
England, ca. 1755
Gilded wood, glass, wood
Courtesy of Carlton Hobbs LLC
Photo © Carlton Hobbs
Water pitcher and “Water Leaf” bowl
Manufactured by Sèvres Royal Manufactory
France, 1756–57
Soft-paste porcelain, polychrome decoration with gold heightening
Courtesy of Private Collection
Photo: Matt Flynn
Watch and snuffbox
England, ca. 1760
Agate, gold, enamel, metal
Courtesy of private collection
Photo: Matt Flynn
Concert Room of Sanssouci Palace, Potsdam, Germany
Eduard Gaertner (German, 1801–1877)
Berlin, Germany, 1852
Brush and watercolor, gouache on paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Thaw Collection, 2007-27-51
Photo: Matt Flynn
1800s
Drawing: Cartoon for a Woven Carpet
France, ca. 1848
Brush and gouache on heavy wove paper, lined
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of John Judkyn, 1954-23-12
Photo: Matt Flynn
Side chair
Attributed to John Henry Belter (American, b. Germany, 1804–1863)
New York, NY, ca. 1855
Rosewood veneer, oak, silk upholstery (not original)
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Mrs. Edwin Gould, 1937-4-2
Photo: Matt Flynn
Sofa
Attributed to John Henry Belter (1804–1863)
New York, NY, ca. 1855
Rosewood with replaced upholstery
Museum of the City of New York, 38.53.1
Photo: Matt Flynn
Rocking chair “No. 4”
Manufactured by Thonet Brothers
Austria, ca. 1860
Bent beech wood, caning
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum purchase through gift of American Institute of Interior Designers, 1969-103-2
Photo: Matt Flynn
Mantel clock
Victor Horta (Belgian, 1861–1947)
France, ca. 1895
Bronze
Courtesy of private collection
Photo: Robert Lorenzson © Private Collection
Poster: Tropon est L’Aliment le Plus Concentré
Henry van de Velde (Belgian, 1863–1957)
Germany, 1898
Lithograph on wove paper
Museum purchase through gift of Mr. and Mrs. Lee S. Ainslie III, Marilyn Friedman, and Nancy Marks; General Acquisitions Endowment; Drawings & Prints Council Fund, 2007-2-1
Photo: Christie’s
Woodcut: Der Küss (The Kiss), from Pan, vol. 4, no. 2, 1898
Peter Behrens (German, 1868–1940)
Germany, 1898
Woodcut on thin buff Japan paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum purchase from the General Acquisitions Endowment, 2005-13-1
Photo: Matt Flynn
1900s
Gourd vase
Emile Gallé (French, 1846–1904)
France, ca. 1900
Glass
Courtesy of the Collection of Eric Streiner
Photo: Andrew Garn
Drawing: Design for a Brooch
Eugène Samuel Grasset (Swiss, 1841–1917)
France, ca. 1900
Brush and gouache, watercolor, graphite on blue-gray wove paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum purchase through gift of Mrs. Henry B. du Pont, 1954-41-1
Photo: Matt Flynn
“Peacock” vase
Louis Comfort Tiffany (American, 1848–1933)
Produced by Tiffany Studios
New York, NY, ca. 1900
Glass
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Stanley Siegel, from the Stanley Siegel Collection, 1975-32-11
Brooch
Probably Newark, NJ, ca. 1905
Gold, enamel, opal, diamond
Courtesy of the Collection of Eric Streiner
Photo: Andrew Garn
Sidewall
Manufactured by Zuber & Cie
Designed in Rixheim, France, 1843–68, manufactured ca. 1910–32
Block printed on paper
Gift of D. Lorraine Yerkes, 1941-107-6
Photo: Matt Flynn
Savoy vase
Designed by Alvar Aalto (1898–1976)
Produced by Karhula Glassworks
Finland, ca. 1936
Mold-blown glass
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Harmon Goldstone, 1990-61-2
Photo: John White
Flower floater/candle holder
Eva Lisa “Pipsan” Saarinen Swanson (American, born Finland, 1905–1979)
Manufactured by U.S. Glass Company
Tiffin, OH, 1948–50
Glass
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Ashley Dawn Brown, 2000-16-1
© Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution, photo by Matt Flynn
La Chaise
Charles and Ray Eames (American, 1907–1978, 1912–1988)
Manufactured by Vitra
Designed in United States, 1948; manufactured in Germany, 1990
Fiberglass, chrome-plated metal, oak
Courtesy of Vitra
© Vitra, photo by Hans Hansen
Tea table with removable shelves
Carlo Mollino (Italian, 1905–1973)
Manufactured by F. Apelli and L. Varesio
Turin, Italy, ca. 1950
Maple plywood, glass
Brooklyn Museum, 54.64.231.a-c. Gift of the Italian Government
Photo © Brooklyn Museum
Poster: The Sound, for Bill Graham
Robert Wesley Wilson (American, b. 1937)
United States, 1966
Offset lithograph on white wove paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Leslie J. Schreyer, 1979-34-27
Photo: Matt Flynn © Wolfgang’s Vault Archives / www.wolfgangsvault.com
Stackable side chair
Designed by Verner Panton (Danish, 1926–1998)
Manufactured by Herman Miller
United States, designed 1960, produced 1972
Injection-molded thermoplastic
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Robert Blaich, 1977-1-1
Photo: Matt Flynn
Choker #38
Mary Lee Hu (American, b. 1943)
United States, 1978
Silver, gold, copper
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of the James Renwick
Alliance, 1985.22
Photo © Smithsonian American Art Museum
Bowl
Mary Ann “Toots” Zynsky (American, b. 1951)
Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1985
Slumped, fused, and shaped glass threads
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum Purchase through gift of Anonymous Donor, Carol B. Brener and Stephen W. Brener, Mr. and Mrs. Max B. Furman, Bequest of Mrs. John Innes Kane, James M. Osborn, and Thonet Industries, Inc., 1986-20-1
© Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution, photo by John White
Spine chair
Designed by André Dubreuil (French, active England, b. 1951)
England, 1986
Steel
Museum purchase from Decorative Arts Association Acquisition Fund, 1992-36-1
Photo: Steve Tague
Bubbles chaise longue
Frank O. Gehry (American, born Canada, 1929)
Manufactured by New City Editions
Venice, CA, 1987
Corrugated cardboard with fire-retardant coating
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, Kenneth Walker Fund
Photo: Digital Image © 2007 The Museum of Modern Art/Licensed by SCALA /Art Resource, NY
“Wood” chair
Marc Newson (Australian, b. 1962)
Manufactured by Capellini
Italy, 1988
Bent beech wood
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum purchase from General Acquisitions Endowment Fund, 2006-4-3
Photo: Matt Flynn
Madame de Pompadour Née Poisson (1721-1764) covered tureen with tray
Cindy Sherman (b. 1954)
Produced by Artes Magnus
Manufactured by Ancienne Manufacture Royale de Limoges
France, 1990
Glazed porcelain, photo-transfer (silkscreen), painted-platinum decoration
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Museum purchase from Charles E. Sampson Memorial Fund, 2003-4-1a/c
Photo: Matt Flynn
Sconce
Dale Chihuly (b. 1941)
United States, 1996
Glass, metal
Gift of Barbaralee Diamonstein-Spielvogel
Photo: Matt Flynn
Blond curtain
Nicolette Brunklaus (Dutch, b. 1959)
Made by Brunklaus Amsterdam
The Netherlands, 2002
Screen print on velvet
Courtesy of Nicolette Brunklaus, Brunklaus Amsterdam
© Nicolette Brunklaus
Photo: Studio Brunklaus
Design Centrum Czech Republic
Designed by Ralph Schraivogel (Swiss, b. 1960)
Switzerland, 2002
Screenprint on white wove paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Ralph Schraivogel, 2007-15-2
Photo: Matt Flynn
Heatwave radiator
Joris Laarman (Dutch, b. 1979)
Manufactured by Jaga, N.V.
Belgium, 2003
Polyconcrete (polyester concrete)
Courtesy of Jaga, N.V.
© Joris Laarman photo: Bas Helbers
Rock chair
Job Smeets (Belgian, b. 1970) and Nynke
Tynagel (Dutch, b. 1977)
Modeled by Studio Job, cast by Kemner & Zn
Belgium, 2003
Cast bronze
© Studio Job, image courtesy of Studio Job
(Chair in exhibition courtesy of Boudwijn van Dishoeck)
Cinderella table
Jeroen Verhoeven (Dutch, b. 1976)
Made by Demakersvan
The Netherlands, 2004
Birch plywood
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, Gift of Marie-Josée Kravis in honor of Patricia Phelps de Cisneros
© Sotheby’s
Coryza vase
Designed by Marcel Wanders (b. 1963)
Netherlands, ca. 2005
Polyamide
Courtesy of Marcel Wanders Studio
Photo: Maarten van Houten
“Materialized Sketch” chair
Designed by Front (Anna Lindgren, Katja Sävström, Sofia Lagerkvist, Charlotte von der Lancken)
Sweden, 2006
Polyamide resin, selective laser syntering (SLS) rapid prototyping process
Courtesy of Friedman Benda
Image courtesy of Front
Seduction, for the Yale School of Architecture Symposium, January 20–21, 2007
Designed by Marian Bantjes (Canadian, b. 1963) (lettering); Michael Bierut (American, b. 1957)
and Michelle Leong (American, born Malaysia,
1978), Pentagram (layout)
Canada and New York, NY, 2006
Offset lithograph on white wove paper
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Gift of Marian Bantjes, 2007-25-2
© Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution, photo by Matt Flynn
© Marian Bantjes and Michael Bierut
Wave vessel
Jennifer C. McCurdy (American, b. 1955)
Vineyard Haven, MA, 2007
Porcelain
Courtesy of Jennifer C. McCurdy
© Jennifer C. McCurdy, photo by Katherine Rose
Flame vase
Ndidi Ekubia (British, b. 1973)
England, 2007
Sterling silver
Courtesy of Ndidi Ekubia
© Ndidi Ekubia, photo by Stephen Brayne
“Bloom Field” project
Collaboration between artist Leah Raintree (American, b. 1979) and designer Ben Krone (American, b. 1977)
Manufactured by Associated Fabrication
New York, NY, 2007
CNC-routed Corian
Courtesy of William and Coren Sharples, photo by Natalie Gruppuso and Jared Holstein
